Comprehension has the following meanings:
In general usage, and more specifically in reference to education and psychology, it has roughly the same meaning as understanding.
Reading comprehension measures the understanding of a passage of text
In logic, the comprehension of an object is the totality of intensions, that is, properties or qualities, that it possesses.

• Related to this, in Anglicanism, comprehension (or comprehensiveness) refers to the theological inclusiveness and liturgical breadth thought to be integral to the definition of the tradition
  In set theory, comprehension is another name for the axiom schema of specification (or more specifically, the axiom schema of unrestricted specification).
  A related term in computer science, list comprehension, denotes an adaptation of mathematical set notation to represent infinite lists. Comprehensions are most closely associated with Haskell, but are available in other languages such as Python, Scheme and Common Lisp.