Craniofacial (cranio- combining form meaning head or skull + -facial combining form referring to the facial structures grossly) may be used to describe cratain congenital malformations, injuries, surgeons who subspecialize in this area, multi-disiplinary medical-surgical teams that treat and do research on disorders affecting this region, and organizations with interest in disorders of the craniofacial structures. Craniofacial surgeons can come from a variety of backgrounds, but most are plastic surgeons or oral and maxillofacial surgeons who have undertaken advanced training after residency.